Understanding Canine Patellar Luxation

A Guide for Pet Owners

TLC Animal Hospital

What Is Patellar Luxation?

Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic condition in dogs where the kneecap (patella) slips out of its normal position in the groove of the thigh bone. This can cause temporary lameness, pain, or an abnormal gait. The kneecap may "pop out" occasionally or stay luxated for longer periods, depending on the severity.

Why Does It Happen?

Patellar luxation may be caused by:

• Genetics (common in small breeds)

• Abnormal limb alignment

• Trauma or injury

• Congenital deformities (present from birth)

Dogs with certain leg conformations or breeds with shallow knee grooves are more prone to this condition.

Common Signs of Patellar Luxation

You may notice:

• Sudden limping or “skipping” steps

• Intermittent holding up of a back leg

• Popping or clicking sounds from the knee

• Difficulty jumping or rising

• Soreness after activity

• Bow-legged or knock-kneed posture (in advanced cases)

Breeds at Higher Risk

• Pomeranians

• Chihuahuas

• Yorkshire Terriers

• Toy and Miniature Poodles

• Boston Terriers

• Papillons

• Sometimes seen in larger breeds too

How Is It Diagnosed?

Your veterinarian will perform:

• A physical exam to assess kneecap movement

• Palpation of the knees for signs of instability or pain

• X-rays (in some cases) to evaluate bone structure and joint alignment

The condition is graded on a scale from 1 to 4, based on severity:

Treatment Options

Non-surgical options (for mild cases):

• Weight management to reduce stress on joints

• Joint supplements (glucosamine, chondroitin)

• Anti-inflammatory medications (when needed)

• Physical therapy or at-home exercises

Surgical treatment (for moderate to severe cases):

• Deepening the patellar groove (trochleoplasty)

• Realigning the kneecap (tibial tuberosity transposition)

• Soft tissue tightening or release

Post-surgical recovery includes rest, controlled exercise, and possibly physical rehabilitation.

What You Can Do at Home

• Keep your dog at a healthy weight

• Avoid excessive jumping, especially on slick floors

• Use ramps or steps for getting on furniture

• Provide non-slip rugs to improve traction

• Follow your vet’s recommendations closely

Prognosis

With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, most dogs with patellar luxation can return to a happy, active life. Surgery is generally very successful, especially when performed before arthritis or long-term damage sets in.

Questions? Concerns?
📞 Call us at (915) 592-6200
📍 Visit us at www.tlcvetelpaso.com
We’re here to help your dog stay mobile and pain-free!